Thursday, June 26, 2014

TOP 10 Vibrant Fruits in INDIA

Posted on 3:35 AMby with No comments

 TOP 10   Tropical and Vibrant Fruits in India.

Located in the tropical region, India has several mouthwatering and deliciously nutritious fruits.

# 1 Mango

Undeniably Indian mangoes (Known as "Aam" in Hindi) are the sweetest and juiciest in the world.  The fruit Mango is one of the most widely cultivated fruits of the tropical world. Mango is the National Fruit of India and the Indian Mango Festival is one of the exclusive festivals of its kind in India. In India, we have hundreds of varieties of mangoes. They are of different sizes, shapes and colors. Mangoes are rich source of Vitamins A, C and D. The mango is eaten ripe and is also used for pickles. 
The mango is now cultivated in most frost-free tropical and warmer subtropical climates; almost half of the world's mangoes are cultivated in India alone, with the second-largest source being China. Though India is the largest producer of mangoes, it accounts for less than one percent of the international mango trade; India consumes most of its own production. 

 Alphonso, Benishaan and Kesar mango varieties are popular varieties in India's southern states, while the Chaunsa variety, among others, is popular in the northern states and Pakistan.


# 2 Papaya

The papaya is the fruit of the plant Carica papaya, the sole species in the genus Carica of the plant family Caricaceae. India is the leading papaya producer, with a 38.61 percent share of the world production during 2008–2010, followed by Brazil (17.5%) and Indonesia (6.89%). Papaya fruit is a source of nutrients such as provitamin A carotenoids, vitamin C, folate and dietary fiber. 
Papaya skin, pulp and seeds also contain a variety of phytochemicals, including lycopene and polyphenols. In some parts of the world, papaya leaves are made into tea as a treatment for malaria. Papaya is frequently used as a hair conditioner, but should be used in small amounts.


# 3 Lychee

The lychee is the sole member of the genus Litchi in the soapberry family, Sapindaceae.The lychee is cultivated in India, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, Japan, China, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Nepal, Australia, Mexico and parts of Southern Africa. China is the main producer, followed by India.  India grows more than a dozen different cultivars.
 The lychee contains on average a total 72 mg of vitamin C per 100 grams of fruit. On average nine lychee fruits would meet an adult’s daily recommended vitamin C requirement. Wild trees still grow in parts of southern China and on Hainan Island. 

# 4 Guava

Guavas are plants in the Myrtle family (Myrtaceae) genus Psidium, which contains about 100 species of tropical shrubs and small trees. Guavas are rich in dietary fiber and vitamin C, with moderate levels of folic acid. Guavas are now cultivated and naturalized throughout the tropics and subtropics in Africa, India, South Asia, Southeast Asia, the Caribbean, subtropical regions of North America, Hawaii, New Zealand, Australia and Spain. The term "guava" appears to derive from Arawak guayabo "guava tree", via the Spanish guayaba. It has been adapted in many European and Asian languages, having a similar form.


Another term for guavas is pera, derived from pear. It is common around the western Indian Ocean and probably derives from Spanish or Portuguese. In the Indian subcontinent and Middle-East, guava is also called amrood, possibly a variant of armoot meaning "pear" in Arabic and Turkish languages.

# 5 Pineapple

 The pineapple is a tropical plant with edible multiple fruit consisting of coalesced berries, and the most economically significant plant in the Bromeliaceae family. Pineapples are consumed fresh, cooked, juiced, and preserved, and are found in a wide array of cuisines.  Columbus encountered the pineapple in 1493 on the leeward island of Guadeloupe. He called it piña de Indes, meaning "pine of the Indians," and brought it back with him to Europe thus making the pineapple the first bromeliad to leave the New World.  
Many cultivars have become distributed from its origins in Paraguay and the southern part of Brazil, and later improved stocks were introduced into the Americas, the Azores, Africa, India, Malaysia and Australia. Both the root and fruit may be eaten or applied topically as an anti-inflammatory or as a proteolytic agent.


# 6 Water melon

Watermelon is a vine-like flowering plant originally from southern Africa. Its fruit, which is also called watermelon, is a special kind referred to by botanists as a pepo, a berry which has a thick rind and fleshy center. Watermelon is thought to have originated in southern Africa, where it is found growing wild. It reaches maximum genetic diversity there, with sweet, bland and bitter forms. Watermelons were grown by Native Americans in the 16th century. Today, farmers in approximately 44 states in the US grow watermelon commercially, and almost all these varieties have some 'Charleston Gray' in their lineage. A watermelon contains about 6% sugar and 91% water by weight. As with many other fruits, it is a source of vitamin C.
The amino-acid citrulline was first extracted from watermelon and analyzed. Watermelons contain a significant amount of citrulline and after consumption of several kilograms, an elevated concentration is measured in the blood plasma; this could be mistaken for citrullinaemia or other urea cycle disorders.

# 7 Mulberry
 Morus, a genus of flowering plants in the family Moraceae, comprises 10–16 species of deciduous trees commonly known as mulberries growing wild and under cultivation in many temperate world regions. The mulberry fruit is a multiple fruit, 2–3 cm long. Immature fruits are white, green, or pale yellow. In most species, the fruits turn pink and then red while ripening, then dark purple or black, and have a sweet flavor when fully ripe. The ripe fruit is edible and is widely used in pies, tarts, wines, cordials and tea.

 The fruit of the black mulberry, native to southwest Asia, and the red mulberry, native to eastern North America, have the strongest flavor, which has been likened to 'fireworks in the mouth'. Black, red, and white mulberry are widespread in southern Europe, the Middle East, northern Africa and Indian Subcontinent where the tree and the fruit have names under regional dialects.




# 8 Grapes
A grape is a fruiting berry of the deciduous woody vines of the botanical genus Vitis. Grapes can be eaten raw or they can be used for making wine, jam, juice, jelly, grape seed extract, raisins, vinegar, and grape seed oil. The cultivation of the domesticated grape began 6,000–8,000 years ago in the Near East. Grapes are a type of fruit that grow in clusters of 15 to 300, and can be crimson, black, dark blue, yellow, green, orange and pink.
 Comparing diets among Western countries, researchers have discovered that although the French tend to eat higher levels of animal fat, the incidence of heart disease remains low in France. Commercial juice products from Concord grapes have been applied in medical research studies, showing potential benefits against the onset stage of cancer, platelet aggregation and other risk factors of atherosclerosis, loss of physical performance and mental acuity during aging and hypertension in humans.          


# 9 Banana
 A banana is an edible fruit produced by several kinds of large herbaceous flowering plants in the genus Musa. In some countries, bananas used for cooking may be called plantains. The banana plant is the largest herbaceous flowering plant. All the above-ground parts of a banana plant grow from a structure usually called a "corm". In summary, in commerce in Europe and the Americas (although not in small-scale cultivation), it is possible to distinguish between "bananas", which are eaten raw, and "plantains", which are cooked.
 In other regions of the world, particularly India, Southeast Asia and the islands of the Pacific, there are many more kinds of banana and the two-fold distinction is not useful and not made in local languages. India is the world leader in this sort of production, but many other Asian and African countries where climate and soil conditions allow cultivation also host large populations of banana growers who sell at least some of their crop. 


# 10 Passion Fruit
 Passiflora edulis is a vine species of passion flower that is native to Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and northern Argentina (Corrientes and Misiones provinces, among others). Its common names include passion fruit (US), passionfruit (UK and Commonwealth), and purple granadilla (South Africa). It is cultivated commercially in warmer, frost-free areas for its fruit and is widely grown in Antigua, Argentina, Australia, Bolivia, Brazil, the Caribbean, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, East Africa, Ecuador, Haiti, Honduras, India, Cambodia, Indonesia, Israel, Mexico, New Zealand, Panama, Peru, Portugal (Madeira), Puerto Rico, Sri Lanka, South Africa, United States (California, Florida, Hawaii), Venezuela, Philippines, Malaysia. esh passion fruit contains provitamin A beta carotene, vitamin C (36%), dietary fiber (42%) and iron (12%) in significant quantities as percent of the Daily Value; the vitamin A content converted from provitamin A sources is 25%.[10] Passion fruit juice is a good source of potassium, possibly making the fruit relevant as a nutrient source for lowering risk of high blood pressure.

 # 11 Jack fruit 
  The word "jackfruit" comes from Portuguese jaca, which in turn, is derived from the Malayalam language term, chakka' ' in Garo Hills, Meghalaya, India it is Tebrong' (Malayalam Chakka pazham : ചക്ക).
  When the Portuguese arrived in India at Kozhikode (Calicut) on the Malabar Coast (Kerala) in 1498, the Malayalam name chakka was recorded by Hendrik van Rheede (1678–1703) in the Hortus Malabaricus, vol. iii in Latin.
  Henry Yule translated the book in Jordanus Catalani's (f. 1321–1330) Mirabilia descripta: the wonders of the East.

   The edible jackfruit is made of soft, easily-digestible flesh (bulbs); A portion of 100 g of edible raw jackfruit provides about 95 calories and is a good source of the antioxidant vitamin C, providing about 13.7 mg.[23] Jackfruit seeds are rich in protein.
  The fruit is also rich in potassium, calcium, and iron. The wood of the tree is used for the production of musical instruments. In general, the seeds are gathered from the ripe fruit, sun-dried, then stored for use in rainy season in many parts of South Indian states.
   They are extracted from fully matured fruits and washed in water to remove the slimy part.


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